Korea – cycle update
The October-November sentiment surveys from the BOK.
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The October-November sentiment surveys from the BOK.
A summary of the regional export cycle. It looks like Taiwan's exports are starting to turn up, which would be significant given low unemployment and relatively high core inflation. There's not much movement yet in the rest of the region.
A summary of what happened on East Asia Econ last week, and what to look for in the next seven days.
We delve here into some of the finer print of this week's releases. The conclusions are a little inconclusive, but that's really the point. With consumption in particular, it is difficult to get a strong level of conviction about just what is going on.
In a unanimous decision, the BOK made no change to policy today. It said inflationary pressure was a bit stronger than it had previously forecast, but didn't change its growth outlook. The main shift in the bank's language was to stress the uncertainty around the outlook.
Consensus seems to be optimistic that China is once again on a sustainable post-covid recovery path. We aren't convinced, with property still weak, household savings behaviour cautious, and consumption data mixed. We'll be wrong if metals output and industrial prices hold up from here.
A video of our longer report from last week: "China -living without the world".
In the run-up to the BOK meeting later this week, a summary of the macrocycle in Korea and our thinking on the central bank.
Today we look at the rest of the world's falling market share in China, which is the flip side to China's share gains overseas. With China making most progress in capital goods, this is a big challenge for DM and industrialised Asia. In this, Taiwan looks like a relative winner, and Korea a loser.
A summary of what happened on East Asia Econ last week, and what to look for in the next seven days.
Trends shown by the two data releases on Friday are related: first, wage growth below inflation, and second, weak consumption. If the labour market doesn't tighten and wage growth lift, the BOJ will be pressured to raise rates to stop JPY depreciation, and so hold back imported inflation.
Inflation in Korea rose again in September, picking up to 3.7% YoY. Core inflation was flat YoY, but picked up sequentially. With US rates still so high, our model points to a high risk of further BOK tightening.
The BOJ Tankan indicates activity is decent, inflation not likely to subside much, and that the labour market should tighten a lot more. This is all likely to make the BOJ more hawkish than not, but we'd still prefer to see the labour market tightening getting reflected in actual unemployment.
We have been hopeful that the export cycle would start to lift. But recent indicators don't look convincing. It still looks like the cycle is bottoming rather than really starting to improve.
A summary of what happened on East Asia Econ last week, and what to look for in the next seven days.
The PMIs improved in September. That was led by a further strengthening of pricing, with input prices in the PMI reaching almost 60, the highest level since April 2022. We'd guess this reflects a nominal tailwind from the modest weakening of the USD over the last 12M.
Headline inflation in Tokyo eased in September, but while inflation expectations remained firm, consumer confidence didn't fall much. That could be important, but we would be more confident about the implication of rising real wages if the labour market was also tightening.
China's market share in the US has fallen sharply, but its market share globally has risen. This disconnect represents some temporary factors, but is also the result of change in China's industrial sector, a factor that differentiates China from 1990s Japan.
Equity markets have been pricing in a decent improvement in exports, but the September business survey didn't show any recovery in export sentiment. However, both the business and sentiment surveys suggest stickiness in inflation.
A summary of what happened on East Asia Econ last week, and what to look for in the next seven days.
The CBC kept policy rates unchanged yesterday, seeming confident that inflation will fall below 2% next year. That might be right, but the bank's forecast that export growth will rebound to 10% YoY in Q423 isn't the most obvious environment for a fading of inflation to occur.
The BOJ today left policy unchanged, and inflation in August also didn't move much. The first cut of part-time wages for August was sluggish. That's important when the flash PMI for September suggests the services recovery is now fading.
An update of our cyclical views, and summary of our recent structural work.
There's still no sign of a rebound in the export cycle. With headline inflation picking up and labour markets tight in the region ex-China, further rate hikes are still possible. But tightening would be even more likely if exports were rebounding, as some of the leads have suggested is likely.
With exports still weak, our CBC model suggests very little probability of a hike this week. But that model doesn't capture the rise in inflation, which until 2020 was so low that it didn't seem to matter. At the least, the CBC should sound more hawkish, and that has relevance for Korea and Japan.